Artikel II

1. For the purpose of this Convention, the following terms shall have the meanings hereunder assigned to them:
“Area of low pest prevalence” – an area, whether all of a country, part of a country, or all or parts of several countries, as identified by the competent authorities, in which a specific pest occurs at low levels and which is subject to effective surveillance, control or eradication measures;
“Commission” – the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures established under Article XI;
“Endangered area” – an area where ecological factors favour the establishment of a pest whose presence in the area will result in economically important loss;
“Establishment” – perpetuation, for the foreseeable future, of a pest within an area after entry;
“Harmonized phytosanitary measures” – phytosanitary measures established by contracting parties based on international standards;
“International standards” – international standards established in accordance with Article X, paragraphs 1 and 2;
“Introduction” – the entry of a pest resulting in its establishment;
“Pest” – any species, strain or biotype of plant, animal or pathogenic agent injurious to plants or plant products;
“Pest risk analysis” – the process of evaluating biological or other scientific and economic evidence to determine whether a pest should be regulated and the strength of any phytosanitary measures to be taken against it;
“Phytosanitary measure” – any legislation, regulation or official procedure having the purpose to prevent the introduction and/or spread of pests;
“Plant products” – unmanufactured material of plant origin (including grain) and those manufactured products that, by their nature or that of their processing, may create a risk for the introduction and spread of pests;
“Plants” – living plants and parts thereof, including seeds and germplasm;
“Quarantine pest” – a pest of potential economic importance to the area endangered thereby and not yet present there, or present but not widely distributed and being officially controlled;
“Regional standards” – standards established by a regional plant protection organization for the guidance of the members of that organization;
“Regulated article” – any plant, plant product, storage place, packaging, conveyance, container, soil and any other organism, object or material capable of harbouring or spreading pests, deemed to require phytosanitary measures, particularly where international transportation is involved;
“Regulated non-quarantine pest” – a non-quarantine pest whose presence in plants for planting affects the intended use of those plants with an economically unacceptable impact and which is therefore regulated within the territory of the importing contracting party;
“Regulated pest” – a quarantine pest or a regulated non-quarantine pest;
“Secretary” – Secretary of the Commission appointed pursuant to Article XII;
“Technically justified” – justified on the basis of conclusions reached by using an appropriate pest risk analysis or, where applicable, another comparable examination and evaluation of available scientific information.
2. The definitions set forth in this Article, being limited to the application of this Convention, shall not be deemed to affect definitions established under domestic laws or regulations of contracting parties.